WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE(AI)

- DEEPTA ROY

UG1

Artificial Intelligence is one of the emerging technologies which tries to simulate human reasoning in AI systems. John McCarthy invented the term Artificial Intelligence in the year 1950.He said, ‘Every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can in principle be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it. An attempt will be made to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions, and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves.’ Rather in a simplest way we can say AI refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. The term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits traits associated with a human mind such as learning and problem-solving.

TYPES OF AI

More or less there’re three types of artificial intelligence

*Artificial narrow intelligence (ANI) which allows computers to outperform humans in some very specific tasks (the most famous example is IBM Watson);

*Artificial general intelligence (AGI) the ability of a machine to perform the same intellectual tasks as a human being (we are far from reaching it)

*Artificial superintelligence (ASI) when a machine possesses an intelligence that far surpasses the brightest and most gifted human minds in the world combined.

Another way to categorize it’s in four levels: Reactive Machines, which simply react to a stimulus but cannot build on previous experiences and cannot improve with practice (IBM Deep Blue); Limited Memory, can retain and use data for a short period of time but cannot add them to a library of experiences (Self Driving Cars); Theory of Mind, machines that imitate our mental models: have thoughts, emotions and memories (none yet exist) and finally Self-Awareness, or conscious machines, something that stays in the realm of science fiction.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND PRODUCTIVITY

The advantages of Artificial intelligence applications are enormous and can revolutionize any professional sector. Let’s see some of them:

1. Reduction in Human Error: Humans make mistakes from time to time. Computers, however, do not make these mistakes if they are programmed properly.

2. Takes risks instead of Humans: We can overcome many risky limitations of humans by developing an AI Robot which in turn can do the risky things for us.

3. New Inventions: AI is powering many inventions in almost every domain which will help humans solve the majority of complex problems.

4. Available 24x7: Humans are built in such a way to get some time out for refreshing themselves. But using AI we can make machines work 24x7 without any breaks and they don’t even get bored, unlike humans.

5. Automation: Automation is one of the most commonly cited benefits of AI technology, and it has had significant impacts on the communications, transportation, consumer products, and service industries.

6. Medical Application: One of the greatest advantage of AI is utilized in the field of medicine. We can identify numerous numbers of medical applications which is based on AI.

The future of businesses and the human workforce can be potentially transformed and disrupted by AI as it rapidly evolves, enabling robots and machines to perform the tasks that humans do. As we continue to unlock the potential of AI, we will be changing the way the world works fundamentally and forever. This emerging technological advancement raises the question: what is (or will be) left for humans to do?

AI Takeover: Can Machines Replace Humans?

But the fear is not entirely true. Although AI is highly advanced – now that machines can learn from experience and make smart decisions – AI cannot function optimally without relying on innately human attributes like human intuition. Human Intelligence refers to humans’ intellectual capability that allows us to think, our abstract emotions make us unique. The human brain is analogous, but machines are digital. Human Intelligence is all about learning from various incidents and past experiences. It is about learning from mistakes in the past. Intelligent thought and intelligent behavior lie at the core of Human Intelligence. However, Artificial Intelligence falls behind in this respect – machines cannot think. They can learn from data and through continuous training, but they can never achieve the thought process unique to humans. The decision-making power of AI systems is primarily based on events, the data they’re trained on, and how they are related to a particular event. Till now through out the discussion it has been proved that AI is a replica of human intelligence.AI makes the world easier, it reduces the human task to do. In this field there is huge scopes about thinking further. The advanced technology will collaborate with the human intelligence at it's best.

The future:

The future generation will live in a world where humans and humanoids coexist — with humanoids existing to serve human beings. Those will be the days where human to machine interactions and machine to machine interactions are the same as human to human interactions. Life in such an era will be far more advanced and superior than the best of what we can imagine. Over 75% of customers availing in one way or another, the services of an AI-powered system. Also, over 80% of global business organizations believe in the ability of artificial intelligence to offer them a competitive advantage. Although the creation of strong AI might be the biggest event in human history but also recognize the potential for an artificial intelligence system to intentionally or unintentionally cause great harm. If we will create a collaborative world for survival for both, then it would surely open up new opportunities for many in numerous different fields.